Ikiyaga cya Kivu Kuzamura gazi metani Guha agaciro gazi metani Inkeke iturutse ku mpamvu zisanzwe


KUGERERANYA UBUKANA BW'IMPANUKA

 

Gazi ili mu mazi yigaragaza mu gihe igiteranyo cy'ingufu zayto zose zili muli ayo mazi zinganye n 'ingufu ziturutse kuli ayo mazi ubwayo.


Mu igerageza ryabaye mu minsi ya vuba mu mwaka w'2003 ku nkunga ya UN-OCHA, twashyize ahagaragara imibare yerekana ubwirunde bw'umwuka wa CO2 na gazi metani yivanze mu mazi hakulikije ubujyakuzimu bw'ikiyaga (reba imirongo ili hasi)

Twerekanye ingufu za CO2 n'iza gazi metani, n'ingufi z'amazi ubwayo. Turabona kuli iki gishushanyo ko ingufu zigera kuli 57 ku ijana z'ingufu z'amazi ubwayo ku bujyakuzimu bwa metero 270 mu gihe igereranya ryabanjilije ryerekanaga ku gipimo cya 40 ku ijana gusa.
Ukuzamuka kw'amazi alimo gazi arimo imyuka kuli metero 120 ashobora gutera impanuka mu gihe amapima ya mbere yali yerekanye ubwo bujyakuzimu kuli metero 180.

Ingaruka ishobora kubaho ubu ni nini cyane kurusha uko twabitekerezaga mbere y'iyi mibare mishya.

 

Ariko na none biragaragara ko ingufu za CH4 zingana na 85 % z'ingufu zose z'imyuka yivanze mu mazi. Umwuka wa CO2 wo ufite ingufu za 15 % gusa. Kuba mu mazi y'ikiyaga cya Kivu halimo gazi metani , ubwabyo ni imvano y'icucumuka ry'imyuka ishobora gutera impanuka.

Muli make, mu kwerekana impanuka zishobora kuba, dushobora kuvuga ko, mu gihe nta metani yaba ihali, inkeke y'itulika rya gazi yaba ali ntoya cyane. Metani, kubera ubushobozi buke bwo kwivanga, ifite ubushobozi bwo gutera ugusandara kwa gazi.

Dioxyde de carbone, bitewe n'ingano yayo nini, yatera impanuka ikomeye cyane. Metani yaba imbarutso y'itulika rya gazi itegereje gutulika kubera CO2 nyinshi zili mu mazi. Ni ukuvuga ko kuzamura metani mu mazi, mu rwego rwo kugereranya ubukana bw'impanuka, ni ukuvanaho impamvu y'iryo tulika bityo akaba ali n'uburyo bwo guha ikiyaga umutekano.

Muli make, mu kugereranya impanuka zishobora kubaho, dushobora kuvuga ko, igaragara rya gazi metani, impanuka yo kuba yatulika ntabwo ali nini cyane. Metani, bitewe n'ubushobozi buke bwo kuba yakwivanga n'amazi, ni ikimenyetso gishobora kuba imvano y'iryo tulika.

Dioxyde de Carbone, bitewe n'ubwinshi bwayo, yagira ingaruka mbi cyane mu gihe haba habaye impanuka. Ni ukuvuga ko metani ubwayo ari nk'ikirunga gitegereje kuruka,, cg. bombe itegereje gutulika, ihagaraliwe n'umwuka wa CO2 wivanze mu mazi.

 

Ubwirundanye bwa gazi yivanze mu mazi (CH4, CO2) hakulikijwe ubujyakuzimu (igereranya ryakozwe mu mwaka w'2003).

 

Igishushanyo cyagaragaye nyuma y'iyigwa ryakozwe mu mwaka w'1974 - 1975 na Dogiteri Tietze.

Amapima twakoze mu kwezi kwa 11 mu mwaka w'2003.

Ingufu za buli gazi, igiteranyo cy'ingufu zose n'ingufu z'amazi ubwayo, nk'uko bili ku bishushanyo gikulikira, ibi bishushanyo birerekana ku buryo bugaragara ko kuzamura metani ari ukuvanaho isoko y'impanuka mu Kiyaga cya Kivu. Amapima yabaye mu kwezi kwa 11 mu mwaka w'2003 yerekana ko ikigereranyo k'impanuka ubu ali kinini ugereranyije n'iminsi yashize.