Ikiyaga cya Kivu Kuzamura gazi metani Guha agaciro gazi metani Inkeke iturutse ku mpamvu zisanzwe

IMITERERE Y'AMAZI Y'IKIYAGA CYA KIVU

 

Mu iyiga ry'amazi y'ikiyaga cya Kivu, twibanze cyane ku mitere yayo ishobora kuba yaba imvano y'impanuka ku ruhande rumwe, n'uburyo bwo kuzamura iyo gazi kugirango ikoreshwe ku rundi ruhande. Twibanze kandi mu kwerekana neza ko iyo miterere yayo ishobora kuba inkomoko y'izamuka ry'mazi yuzuyemo za ions (amashanyarazi) n'imyuka ya CO2, n'uburyo mazi yazamurwa, iyo gazi igatabndykanywa n'amazi.

Amazi y'ikiyaga cya Kivu afite imiterere inyuranye nk'uko ihindagulika ryayo ribigaragaza. Iyo miterere igiye ihindagulika hakulikijwe ubujyakuzimu agiye abaho. Ubushakashatsi bwinshi bwakozwe, cyane ubwakozwe na Dr. Tietze mu myaka ya 1975-1977 burabihamya.
Gusobanura imvano y'imiterere y'ayo mazi birakomeye. Ibice bimwe by'ayo mazi, byitandukanyijemo ibice bigiye bigira imiterere yihaliye - muli ibyo bice bimeze kimwe amazi yabyo agiye yivangavanze - ariko ibyo bice by'amazi bikaba bitandukanyijwe n'andi mazi yegeranye cyane, yishyize hamwe, agakora imibyimba itandukanya ibyo bice by'andi mazi. Iyo miterere irerekanwa n'ishusho ikulikira.

Igishushanyo gihagaritse, cy'ipima ry'ayo mazi cyerekana ubwirundane bwayo, ubushyuhe, ingano y'imyunyu ilimo, n'ngufu zayo. Bigaragara ku bishushanyo 23 ; K. Tietze 1974 - 75.

 

Amapima yakozwe mu kwezi kwa kabili 2002, agereranyijwe n'igishushanyo cyo hejuru cyo muli 1974.

 

Iyigwa ry'ibyo bishushanyo, ryerekeranye na za gazi zili mu kiyaga cya Kivu, ryerekana ko indili ya gazi ili mu gice cya metero 270 kandi ko igice cy'ayo mazi kiberanye no gufata ayo mazi alimo za gazi ngo azamurwe kili ku bujyakuzimu bwa metero 350. Kwiga amazi yafgashwe mu bujyakuzimu bw'ikiyaga byerekanye ko alimo gazi zivanze zijya kungana na 2,5 Lgaz/Leau. Izo gazi zigizwe na bitatu bya kane (4/5) by'ibyuka bita dioxyde de carbone CO2 (2,1 LCO2/Leau), na kimwe cya gatanu (1/5) ya metani CH4 (0,425 LCH4/Leau)

Ubushakashatsi bwo kwiga imiterere y'amazi y'ikiyaga cya Kivu bwakozwe inshuro enye mu mwaka w'2002, 2003, na 2004. Muli ubwo bushakashatsi, twagerageje kwerekana imihindagulikire y'imiterere imwe n'imwe yayo ishobora kugira uruhare mu gutandukanya izo gazi n'amazi, ariko mu guteganya aho uruganda rwo gutandukanya iyo gazi metani n'amazi ruzubakwa, twita cyane kubidukikije bili hafi y'ikiyaga, n'ingaruka y'impanuka ishobora kubaho mu gihe izo gazi zaba zizamutse n'ingufu nyinshi (nk'uko byagenze ku kiyaga cya Nyos muli Cameroun).